Article | Open Access | Published: 20 July 2024

The Gendered Impact of Trade Liberalization on Informal Employment in Pakistan: A Sectoral Perspective

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Abstract:   This study examines the impact of trade liberalization on gendered informal employment using micro-level data from the manufacturing sector of Pakistan. Using the two-stage leastsquares estimation (TSLS) technique the valuable impact of trade openness on informal employment of gender is investigated. We find positive liaison between trade liberalization and informal employment in Pakistan. The results show that trade liberalization boost gender parity in informal employment. These findings are robust and insensitive to the insertion of other control variables. Therefore, government should promote trade policies to achieve gender parity in employment.

Keywords:   Informal employment, Trade Liberalization, Manufacturing Industry, Gendered impact, Informality

Publisher:   ILMA UNIVERSITY

Published:   20 July 2024


E-ISSN:   2409-6520

P-ISSN:   2414-8393

DOI:   -


This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution CC BY 4.0 license, which permits any use, distribution, and reproduction of the work without further permission provided the original author(s) and source are credited.