Article | Open Access | Published: 17 July 2026
The Mediating and Moderating Effect on the Relationship Between Performance Appraisal, Leader-Member Exchange and Job Performance in Public Higher Educational Institutions
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Abstract:
This study examines the impact of performance appraisal (PA) on job performance (JP) of employees working in public higher education institutions (HEIs) in Pakistan, with a focus on the mediating role of leader-member exchange (LMX) and the moderating role of organizational commitment (OC). Drawing on organizational justice theory and social exchange theory, the research applied structural equation modeling (SEM) using data collected from 332 employees across 12 public HEIs in Islamabad. Findings indicate that PA has a significant positive effect on JP, while LMX strengthens this relationship as a mediator. Furthermore, OC enhances the association between PA and LMX, confirming its role as a moderator. The results highlight the importance of transparent and feedback-driven appraisal systems in improving employee performance within HEIs. The study contributes theoretically by integrating LMX and OC in the PA–JP relationship and offers practical recommendations for university administrators to improve HRM practices.
Keywords:
Performance Appraisal, Leader-Member Exchange, Job Performance, Organizational Commitment, Higher Education, Pakistan
Publisher:
ILMA UNIVERSITY
Published:
17 July 2026
E-ISSN:
2409-6520
P-ISSN:
2414-8393
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution CC BY 4.0 license, which permits any use, distribution, and reproduction of the work without further permission provided the original author(s) and source are credited.